Osteoarthritis

What is Osteoarthritis?

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that primarily affects the cartilage, the protective tissue covering the ends of bones in joints. It causes the cartilage to break down and wear away, leading to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility in the affected joint.

How can someone get Osteoarthritis?

Osteoarthritis develops over time due to various factors, including:

      • Age: Cartilage naturally degenerates as we age.
      • Joint Injury: Previous joint injuries or trauma can increase the risk.
      • Obesity: Excess weight puts more stress on joints, particularly weight-bearing ones like the knees and hips.
      • Genetics: Family history can predispose individuals to develop OA.
      • Joint Overuse: Repeated stress on joints from certain activities or occupations.

What happens to the body?

In OA, the cartilage wears down, causing bones to rub together. This results in:

      • Pain: Especially during movement or weight-bearing.
      • Stiffness: Particularly after periods of inactivity.
      • Joint Swelling: Due to inflammation and fluid buildup.
      • Decreased Range of Motion: Difficulty in moving the affected joint fully.

Who can get it? What age is common?

Anyone can develop OA, but it is more common in:

      • Older Adults: Especially those over 65 years old.
      • Women: Especially after menopause.
      • People with Joint Injuries: Such as athletes or those with physically demanding jobs.
      • Obese Individuals: Due to increased joint stress.

How do you treat Osteoarthritis?

Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms and improving joint function:

      • Medications: Pain relievers, anti-inflammatories, and topical treatments.
      • Physical Therapy: Exercises to strengthen muscles around the joint and improve flexibility.
      • Lifestyle Modifications: Weight loss, joint protection techniques, and assistive devices.
      • Surgery: In severe cases, joint replacement or repair may be necessary.

How do biologics help with Osteoarthritis?

Biologic therapies for OA typically involve injections of substances such as hyaluronic acid or platelet-rich plasma (PRP) into the joint. These treatments aim to:

      • Reduce Inflammation: by providing lubrication and cushioning.
      • Promote Healing: by stimulating natural repair processes in the joint.

When to seek a doctor?

It’s important to see a doctor if you experience:

      • Persistent Joint Pain: Especially if it worsens over time.
      • Reduced Joint Function: Difficulty performing daily activities.
      • Swelling or Redness: Around the joint.
      • Symptoms that Interfere with Sleep or Quality of Life.

Early diagnosis and management can help slow the progression of OA and improve symptoms.